Occurrence of antibiotic resistant C. jejuni and E. coli in wild birds, chickens, humans, and the environment in Malay villages, Kedah, Malaysia

Foodborne pathogens have become a major concern not only due to the diseases they cause, but also because of rise antibiotic resistant strains in human and animals. The purposes this study were determine occurrence Campylobacter jejuni Escherichia coli their resistance profiles wild birds, chickens, humans, environment Malay villages Malaysia. Three Kota Setar, Kedah chosen. hundred nine (309) samples collected including birds (38), chickens (71), humans (47), (153). Subsequently, C. E isolates tested against antibiotics using disc diffusion method. was found positive 17 (37.8%) flies 8 (11.3%) chickens. Also, E. 89.4% human, 47.4% bird, 44 62% chicken 71.2% environmental samples. Ten used susceptibility isolates. Eighty four percent (84%) 100% show towards at least one antibiotic. showed high cefpodoxime tetracycline.